Philosophy

Indian

• Adi Shankaracharya
• Adi Romanujacharya
• Adi Madhuacharya

Chinese

• Lao Tzu
• Confucius
• Mencius

European

Dutch

• Baruch Spinoza

French

• René Descartes

Swiss

• Jean-Jacques Rousseau (Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy)
  • believed that people are naturally good, therefore nature is basically good; culture is what corrupted people

English

• Thomas Hobbes
  • Conservative philosopher, relatively to Rousseau when it came to anthropology
  • believed that in the state of nature, every person is at another person's throat; only thing that prevented this murderous intent was the imposition of a collective agreement (aka social contract) that would govern how people would interact