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= Definitions =
= Investing =


== Mutual Fund ==
== Funds ==
 
=== Mutual Fund ===


* Professional advisers actively managing investments on behalf of others at a fee.
* Professional advisers actively managing investments on behalf of others at a fee.


== Index Fund ==
=== Index Fund ===


* First launched as Vanguard Group in 1976 by John C. Bogle, who believed that it was more important to stay invested. He created a fund that tracked S&P 500 (aka Vanguard 500 (VFINX)).
* First launched as Vanguard Group in 1976 by John C. Bogle, who believed that it was more important to stay invested. He created a fund that tracked S&P 500 (aka Vanguard 500 (VFINX)).


== Exchange-traded Fund (ETF) ==
=== Exchange-traded Fund (ETF) ===


* Same goal as index fund: to provide investors with a benchmark return at minimal cost. Difference is that it costs more to trade index funds while ETF is often traded commission-free.
* Same goal as index fund: to provide investors with a benchmark return at minimal cost. Difference is that it costs more to trade index funds while ETF is often traded commission-free.
* Best to use the largest, most widely traded ETFs.
* Best to use the largest, most widely traded ETFs.
== Countries ==
=== Vietnam ===
* VanEck Vectors Vietnam ETF ([http://www.investopedia.com/markets/etfs/vnm/ VNM]) -- companies in Vietnam, or at least 50% in Vietnam
* Guggenheim Frontier Markets ETF ([http://www.investopedia.com/markets/etfs/frn/ FRN]) - 9% in Vietnam
* Columbia Beyond BRICs ETF ([http://www.investopedia.com/markets/etfs/bbrc/ BBRC]) - 6% exposure to Vietnam
* iShares MSCI Frontier 100 ([http://www.investopedia.com/markets/etfs/vnm/ FM]) - 3.63% exposure to Vietnam
== Development ==
=== APIs ===
* [http://www.columbia.edu/~tmd2142/best-6-stock-market-apis-for-2020.html Best 6 stock market APIs for 2022] ([https://private.michaelhan.net/snapshots/finance/stock-1.pdf PDF])