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** [[漢字|Classical Chinese Characters (漢字, 한자)]] <span class="badge blabel">現況</span><span class="badge bdata bggreen">槪念化</span>
** [[漢字|Classical Chinese Characters (漢字, 한자)]] <span class="badge blabel">現況</span><span class="badge bdata bggreen">槪念化</span>


=== Other East Asian Classics (東亞古典 동아고전) ===
** [[Classical Literature|Other classics]]
** Chinese Classics (中國古典)
*** (All of the aforementioned Confucian classics above)
*** Other Confucian and Philosophical Classics
**** [[순자|Xunzi (荀子)]]
**** [[한비자|Han Feizi (韓非子)]]
**** [[대학연의|Daxue Yan Yi (大學衍義) by Zhu Xi]]
*** Daoist Classics
**** [[노자 도덕경|Daodejing (道德經) by Laozi]]
**** [[장자|Zhuangzi (莊子)]]
**** [[열자|Liezi (列子)]] and other Daoist texts
*** Historical Works
**** [[사기|Shiji (史記) by Sima Qian]] – Foundational grand history of China
**** [[한서|Hanshu (漢書)]], [[후한서|Hou Hanshu (後漢書)]], [[삼국지|Sanguozhi (三國志)]] – Key standard histories (정사)
**** [[자치통감|Zizhi Tongjian (資治通鑑)]] by Sima Guang – General chronicle of Chinese history
*** Literary and Poetic Masterpieces
**** [[초사|Chuci (楚辭)]] – The Songs of Chu (Qu Yuan’s poetry)
**** [[당시 선집|Tang Poetry (唐詩)]], e.g. Li Bai, Du Fu, Wang Wei
**** [[송사|Song Ci (宋詞)]] – Song Dynasty lyric poetry (Su Shi, Li Qingzhao)
*** Other Classic Works
**** [[황제내경|Huangdi Neijing (黃帝內經)]] – Foundational Chinese medical text
**** [[제자백가|Writings of the Hundred Schools of Thought]] – Mozi, Guanzi, Lüshi Chunqiu
**** Encyclopedic compendia like [[태평광기|Taiping Guangji]] and [[태평어람|Taiping Yulan]]
** Japanese Classics (日本古典)
*** Mythological and Historical Records
**** [[고지키|Kojiki (古事記)]] – Records of Ancient Matters
**** [[니혼쇼키|Nihon Shoki (日本書紀)]] – Chronicles of Japan
**** [[후도키|Fudoki (風土記)]] – Regional gazetteers detailing geography and folklore
*** Literary Masterpieces
**** [[만엽집|Man’yōshū (萬葉集)]] – Oldest extant collection of Japanese poetry
**** [[겐지 이야기|The Tale of Genji (源氏物語) by Murasaki Shikibu]]
**** [[헤이케 이야기|The Tale of the Heike (平家物語)]] – Epic war tale
**** [[고킨와카슈|Kokin Wakashū (古今和歌集)]] – Imperial poetry anthology
*** Court and Cultural Texts
**** [[마쿠라노소시|The Pillow Book (枕草子) by Sei Shōnagon]]
**** [[혼초 몬주|Honchō monzui]] – Literary anthology
*** Buddhist and Philosophical Works
**** [[쇼보겐조|Shōbōgenzō (正法眼藏) by Dōgen]] – Zen Buddhist classic
**** Commentaries on [[법화경|Lotus Sutra]] and other sutras in Sino-Japanese canon
*** Medieval and Edo Period Writings
**** [[도겐 에이헤이 고로쿠|Eihei Kōroku]] and other Zen texts
**** [[츠레즈레구사|Tsurezuregusa (徒然草) by Yoshida Kenkō]] – Essays in Idleness
**** [[에도 시대 하이쿠|Haikai and Haiku poetry collections]] – Matsuo Bashō, Buson, Issa
** Korean Classics (韓國古典)
*** Historical Records and Chronicles
**** [[삼국사기|Samguk Sagi (三國史記)]] – Oldest extant Korean historical record
**** [[삼국유사|Samguk Yusa (三國遺事)]] – Collection of legends, folktales, and historical accounts
**** [[고려사|Goryeosa (高麗史)]] – Official history of the Goryeo Dynasty
**** [[조선왕조실록|Joseon Wangjo Sillok (朝鮮王朝實錄)]] – Annals of the Joseon Dynasty
*** Confucian and Educational Texts
**** [[소학|Sohak (小學)]] – Basic Confucian primer
**** [[사자소학|Saja Sohak (四字小學)]] – Four-character elementary learning text
**** [[격몽요결|Gyeokmong Yogyul (擊蒙要訣)]] by Yi I (Yulgok) – Guide to Confucian learning
*** Literary and Poetic Masterpieces
**** [[용비어천가|Yongbi Eocheonga (龍飛御天歌)]] – Royal song in hangul celebrating the Joseon founders
**** [[월인천강지곡|Worin Cheon’gang Jigok (月印千江之曲)]] – Buddhist verse in hangul by King Sejong
**** [[가전체 문학|Gajeonche literature]] – Didactic tales personifying objects (e.g. Geumo Sinhwa by Kim Si-seup)
**** [[시조|Sijo poetry]] – Classical Korean poetic form
*** Philosophical and Religious Works
**** [[퇴계 문집|Collected Works of Yi Hwang (Toegye)]], [[율곡 문집|Collected Works of Yi I (Yulgok)]] – Neo-Confucian scholarship
**** [[불교 경전 번역|Korean Buddhist canons]] – Tripitaka Koreana (팔만대장경), woodblock printed
*** Miscellany
**** [[훈민정음 해례본|Hunminjeongeum (訓民正音)]] – Original promulgation of the Korean alphabet
**** [[의방유취|Uibang Yuuchwi (醫方類聚)]] – Medical encyclopedia of Joseon Korea
**** [[동몽선습|Dongmong Seonseup (童蒙先習)]] – Elementary textbook
** Mongolian and Other East Asian Traditions
*** Mongolian
**** [[몽골비사|The Secret History of the Mongols]] – Key epic narrative of Mongol origins and Chinggis Khan’s life
**** [[칭기스 칸 법전|Yassa (Mongol law code)]] – Although not fully extant, its influence is legendary
**** Mongolian Buddhist translations and commentaries derived from Tibetan canons
*** Other Influences and Interactions
**** [[요와 금의 문학|Khitan (Liao) and Jurchen (Jin) inscriptions and texts]] – Fragments of early non-Han East Asian states
**** [[류큐 구전|Ryukyuan songs and legends]] – Oral traditions from the Ryukyu Kingdom (Okinawa)
**** [[만주 문헌|Manchu script chronicles]] – Jurchen/Manchu histories like the Manchu Veritable Records of the Qing Dynasty
** Additional East Asian Cultural and Intellectual Heritage
*** Literary Anthologies and Encyclopedias
**** [[문선|Wenxuan (文選)]] – Chinese literary anthology widely read in East Asia
**** [[사가정 저술|Works of notable Confucian scholars spread across East Asia]]
*** Religious Canonical Works
**** Chinese Buddhist Canon (대장경, Taishō Shinshū Daizōkyō) and its influence on Japanese, Korean, and Vietnamese literati
*** Oral Traditions and Folk Epics
**** [[판소리|Korean Pansori tales]] (later transcribed)
**** [[일본 신화|Japanese Kagura songs and oral Shinto myths]] that predate written records
 
=== Western Classics (西洋古典 서양고전) ===
** Ancient Greek Epics and Poetry
*** [[일리아스|The Iliad (Ἰλιάς) by Homer]]
*** [[오디세이아|The Odyssey (Ὀδύσσεια) by Homer]]
*** [[아이네이스|The Aeneid (Aeneis) by Virgil]]
*** [[헤시오도스 신들의 계보|Theogony (Θεογονία) by Hesiod]]
*** [[핀다로스|Odes (ἐπινίκια) by Pindar]]
** Ancient Greek Drama
*** [[아이스킬로스|Works of Aeschylus (아이스킬로스)]]
*** [[소포클레스|Works of Sophocles (소포클레스)]]
*** [[에우리피데스|Works of Euripides (에우리피데스)]]
*** [[아리스토파네스|Works of Aristophanes (아리스토파네스)]]
** Greek Philosophical and Historical Works
*** Pre-Socratic fragments (e.g., [[헤라클레이토스|Heraclitus]], [[파르메니데스|Parmenides]])
*** [[플라톤 작품집|Works of Plato (Πλάτων)]]
*** [[소크라테스|Socratic dialogues]] (via Plato and Xenophon)
*** [[아리스토텔레스 작품집|Works of Aristotle (Ἀριστοτέλης)]]
*** [[헤로도토스 역사|Histories (Ἱστορίαι) by Herodotus]]
*** [[투키디데스 펠로폰네소스 전쟁사|History of the Peloponnesian War by Thucydides (Θουκυδίδης)]]
*** [[폴리비오스 역사|The Histories by Polybius]]
** Roman Classics (Epics, Poetry, and Prose)
*** [[아이네이스|The Aeneid by Virgil (Vergilius)]]
*** [[오비디우스 변신이야기|Metamorphoses by Ovid (Ovidius)]]
*** [[호라티우스 시|Odes and Epodes by Horace (Horatius)]]
*** [[키케로 작품집|Speeches and Philosophical Works by Cicero (Cicero)]]
*** [[리비우스 로마사|Ab Urbe Condita by Livy]]
*** [[타키투스 역사|Annals and Histories by Tacitus]]
*** [[세네카|Works of Seneca (Seneca the Younger)]]
** Canonical Religious Texts
*** [[히브리 성경/구약|Hebrew Bible / Old Testament]]
*** [[신약성경|New Testament]]
*** [[아우구스티누스 고백록|Confessions (Confessiones) by Augustine of Hippo]]
*** [[아우구스티누스 도시의 신에 대하여|City of God (De Civitate Dei) by Augustine]]
** Medieval Western Classics
*** [[신곡|The Divine Comedy (La Divina Commedia) by Dante Alighieri]]
*** [[고백록|Confessions (Confessiones) by Augustine of Hippo]]
*** [[도시의 신에 대하여|City of God (De Civitate Dei) by Augustine of Hippo]]
*** [[베어울프|Beowulf]]
*** [[롤랑의 노래|The Song of Roland (La Chanson de Roland)]]
*** [[중세 기사 문학|Arthurian Romances (Chrétien de Troyes)]]
*** [[캔터베리 이야기|The Canterbury Tales by Geoffrey Chaucer]]
** Early Modern Western Classics
*** [[돈키호테|Don Quixote (El ingenioso hidalgo Don Quijote de la Mancha) by Miguel de Cervantes]]
*** [[몽테뉴 수상록|Essays (Les Essais) by Michel de Montaigne]]
*** [[셰익스피어 전집|Complete Works of William Shakespeare]]
*** [[마키아벨리 군주론|The Prince (Il Principe) by Niccolò Machiavelli]]
*** [[밀턴 실낙원|Paradise Lost by John Milton]]
** Additional Influential Texts
*** [[오비디우스 변신이야기|Metamorphoses by Ovid]]
*** [[보카치오 데카메론|The Decameron by Giovanni Boccaccio]]
*** [[토마스 아퀴나스 신학대전|Summa Theologica by Thomas Aquinas]]
 
=== South Asian or Indian Classics (남아시아 또는 인도 고전) ===
** Vedic and Upanishadic Literature
*** [[베다|The Vedas]] (Rigveda, Yajurveda, Samaveda, Atharvaveda)
*** [[우파니샤드|The Upanishads]] (e.g., Brihadaranyaka, Chandogya)
*** [[브라흐마나|The Brāhmaṇas]] and [[아란야카|Āraṇyakas]]
** Epic and Itihasa Traditions
*** [[마하바라타|The Mahabharata]]
*** [[라마야나|The Ramayana]]
*** [[바가바드 기타|The Bhagavad Gita]] (within the Mahabharata)
*** [[푸라나|The Puranas]] (e.g., Vishnu Purana, Bhagavata Purana)
** Sanskrit Poetry, Drama, and Classical Works
*** [[칼리다사 샤쿤탈라|Abhijñānaśākuntalam by Kālidāsa]]
*** [[칼리다사|Works of Kālidāsa]] (e.g., Meghadūta, Kumārasambhava)
*** [[바나바타|Works of Bāṇabhaṭṭa]] (e.g., Harṣacarita, Kādambarī)
*** [[판차탄트라|Pañcatantra]]
*** [[키르타르주니야|Kirātārjunīya by Bhāravi]]
*** [[시슈팔바다|Śiśupālavadha by Māgha]]
** Philosophical and Dharmic Texts
*** [[아르타샤스트라|Arthashastra by Kauṭilya]]
*** [[마누스므리티|Manusmṛti (The Laws of Manu)]]
*** [[니티샤스트라|Nītiśāstra (various treatises on ethics and governance)]]
** Buddhist and Jain Classics
*** [[티리피타카|Tripiṭaka (Pali Canon)]] – Sutta Piṭaka, Vinaya Piṭaka, Abhidhamma Piṭaka
*** [[밀린다 팡하|Milinda Pañha (Questions of King Milinda)]]
*** [[자타카|Jātakas (Buddhist birth stories)]]
*** [[자이나교 아가마|Jain Agamas]] (Śvētāmbara and Digambara traditions)
** Grammar, Linguistics, and Science
*** [[파니니 아슈타드야이|Aṣṭādhyāyī by Pāṇini]] (Sanskrit grammar)
*** [[아마라코샤|Amarakosha]] (Sanskrit lexicon)
*** [[수슈루타|Suśruta Saṃhitā]] (ancient Indian medical treatise)
*** [[짜라카|Caraka Saṃhitā]] (another key medical text)
*** [[바스카라|Works of Bhāskara, Āryabhaṭṭa]] (astronomy & mathematics)
** Regional Literatures (Tamil and Other Indian Languages)
*** [[상감문학|Tamil Sangam literature]] (e.g., Ettuthogai, Pattupāṭṭu)
*** [[실라파티카람|Silappatikaram]] (Tamil epic)
*** [[마니메칼라이|Manimekalai]] (Tamil epic)
*** [[티루쿠랄|Tirukkural by Tiruvalluvar]] (classical Tamil ethical treatise)
** Bhakti and Devotional Classics
*** [[깃타 고빈다|Gītagovinda by Jayadeva]]
*** [[바크티 시|Bhakti poetry]] (e.g., works of Mirabai, Tulsidas’s Ramcharitmanas, Nammalvar)
 
=== Middle Eastern Classics (중동 고전) ===
** Ancient Mesopotamian and Near Eastern Literature
*** [[길가메시 서사시|Epic of Gilgamesh]] (Sumerian/Akkadian)
*** [[에누마 엘리쉬|Enūma Eliš]] (Babylonian creation epic)
*** [[아트라하시스|Atra-Hasis]] (Akkadian flood story)
*** [[함무라비 법전|Code of Hammurabi]] (Babylonian law code)
*** [[이나나의 하계 하강|The Descent of Inanna]] (Sumerian myth)
*** [[우가릿 문학|Ugaritic texts]] (e.g., Baal Cycle)
** Ancient Egyptian Literature
*** [[사자의 서|The Book of the Dead]]
*** [[피라미드 텍스트|Pyramid Texts]] (Old Kingdom funerary texts)
*** [[관문서|Coffin Texts]] (Middle Kingdom funerary texts)
*** [[시누헤 이야기|The Tale of Sinuhe]]
*** [[웨나몬 이야기|The Story of Wenamun]]
** Hebrew and Judean Classics
*** [[히브리 성경/구약|Hebrew Bible (Tanakh)]]
*** [[탈무드|Talmud]] (Rabbinic literature)
*** [[사해문서|Dead Sea Scrolls]] (Second Temple period texts)
*** [[미슈나|Mishnah]] (Core of Rabbinic tradition)
*** [[마이모니데스|The Guide for the Perplexed by Maimonides]] (Jewish philosophy)
** Zoroastrian and Middle Persian Classics
*** [[아베스타|Avesta]] (Zoroastrian scripture, including the Gathas of Zoroaster)
*** [[분다히션|Bundahishn]] (Zoroastrian cosmogony text)
*** [[다데스탄-이-데니그|Dādestān-ī Dēnīg]] (Zoroastrian religious questions and answers)
** Persian Classics
*** [[샤나메|Shahnameh (Book of Kings) by Ferdowsi]]
*** [[굴리스탄 & 보스턴|Gulistan and Bustan by Saʿdī]]
*** [[루미 마스나비|Mas̱navī by Jalāl ad-Dīn Rūmī]]
*** [[하페즈 디완|Dīvān of Hāfez]]
*** [[니잠|Khamsa (Quintet) by Nizāmī Ganjavī]]
** Arabic and Islamic Classics
*** [[꾸란|Qur’an]]
*** [[하디스|Hadith Collections]] (e.g., Sahih al-Bukhari, Sahih Muslim)
*** [[무알라카트|The Mu‘allaqāt]] (Pre-Islamic Arabian odes)
*** [[칼릴라 와 딤나|Kalīla wa Dimna]] (Ibn al-Muqaffaʿ’s translation/adaptation of Panchatantra)
*** [[이븐 할둔 무깟디마|Muqaddimah by Ibn Khaldun]]
*** [[알마아리|The Epistle of Forgiveness (Risālat al-Ghufrān) by Al-Maʿarrī]]
*** [[타우히드|Kitāb al-Tawḥīd by Ibn ʿAbd al-Wahhāb]] (Theological literature, later period)
*** [[피하리스 알나두임|Fihrist by Ibn al-Nadīm]] (10th-century catalogue of Arabic literature)
** Syriac and Armenian Literature
*** [[이프렘 시리아|Writings of Ephrem the Syrian]] (4th century Christian hymns/theology in Syriac)
*** [[모브세스 호레나치|The History of the Armenians by Movses Khorenatsi]] (Armenian classic)
** Later Ottoman and Turkish Classics
*** [[메블라나 루미|Works of Rūmī (also listed under Persian) in Ottoman/Turkish adaptation]]
*** [[피르데우시라|Divan poetry collections by Ottoman poets such as Fuzuli, Bâkî, Nefʿī]]
*** [[이븐 아라비|Fusūs al-Ḥikam (The Bezels of Wisdom) by Ibn ‘Arabī]] (Andalusian/Levantine mystic tradition)
** Additional Influential Texts and Genres
*** [[이스라일 민담|Jewish Midrashic Literature]] (e.g., Midrash Rabbah)
*** [[수피 문헌|Sufi treatises and poetry collections]] (e.g., ʿAttār’s Manṭiq-uṭ-Ṭayr)
*** [[중세 철학|Works of Avicenna (Ibn Sīnā) and Averroes (Ibn Rushd)]] (Philosophical classics)
 
=== African Classics (아프리카 고전) ===
** Ancient Egyptian Literature
*** [[사자의 서|The Book of the Dead]] (Papyrus of Ani, etc.)
*** [[피라미드 텍스트|Pyramid Texts]] (Old Kingdom funerary texts)
*** [[관문서|Coffin Texts]] (Middle Kingdom funerary texts)
*** [[시누헤 이야기|The Tale of Sinuhe]]
*** [[웨나몬 이야기|The Story of Wenamun]]
*** [[프타호텝 훈계문|Instruction of Ptahhotep]] (Old Kingdom wisdom literature)
*** [[메리카레 훈계문|Instruction of Merikare]]
** Ethiopian (Aksumite and Post-Aksumite) Literature
*** [[케브라 나가스트|Kebra Nagast (The Glory of Kings)]]
*** [[게에즈 성서|Ge’ez Bible]] (Ethiopic Bible, including the Book of Enoch)
*** [[피다 네가스트|Fetha Nagast (Law of the Kings)]]
*** [[게에즈 성인전|Ge’ez Hagiographical Texts]] (Lives of the saints and Ethiopian Orthodox traditions)
*** Monastic and theological works from Ethiopian Christian tradition
** Sahelian and West African Islamic Literature
*** [[팀북투 사본|Timbuktu Manuscripts]] (Malian scholarly tradition: astronomy, medicine, history, jurisprudence)
*** Works of Ahmed Baba, Abd al-Rahman al-Sa’di (e.g. Tarikh al-Sudan, Tarikh al-Fattash)
*** [[성자들의 체계|Sufi treatises and religious poetry]] from West African Tijani and Qadiriyya scholars
** Epic and Oral Traditions of West Africa
*** [[순디아타 서사시|Epic of Sundiata]] (Mali/Mande tradition)
*** [[마그한 코니 파마 전설|Mande Hunters’ Epics]] (e.g., Sunjata’s hunters’ predecessors)
*** [[울리 세운자타 헌정|Jeli (Griot) oral traditions]] – praise poems, genealogies, proverbs
*** [[요루바 이파 경전|Yoruba Ifá Divination Corpus]] (Odù Ifá)
*** [[하우사 코랄|Hausa and Fulani oral epics and praise poems]]
*** [[아칸 경구|Akan proverbs and Ananse tales (Ghana)]]
** North African and Berber Traditions
*** [[아랍어-베르베르 문헌|Berber oral poetry and folk tales]]
*** Early Christian texts from the Church of Carthage (e.g., Tertullian’s Latin works)
*** [[알제리 카빌 전설|Kabyle epics and oral narratives]]
** Eastern African Traditions
*** [[스와힐리 문학|Early Swahili poetry and prose]] (e.g., "Utendi wa Tambuka")
*** [[소말리 시|Somali Oral Poetry (Gabay)]]
*** [[동아프리카 장송가|East African historical and clan narratives]]
** Central and Southern African Traditions
*** [[이사앙가 전통|Luba and Lunda royal praise songs (Central Africa)]]
*** [[쿠지잉가|Zambia’s oral histories and proverbs (Bemba, Lozi traditions)]]
*** [[응가니 마사|Nganasan, Eastern Nilotic, and other oral epics along the Nile-Congo watershed]]
*** [[줄루/코사구전 문학|Zulu and Xhosa Praise Poetry (Izibongo)]]
** Additional Influential African Texts and Genres
*** [[쿠시-메로에 문헌|Meroitic inscriptions and Nubian Christian texts]]
*** [[이집트-누비아 주석서|Coptic literature (Gnostic texts, Apocrypha)]]
*** [[암하라 전통가|Amharic folk tales and Qene (Ethiopian poetic genre)]]
** Modern Written Classics with Ancient Roots (Transitional Works)
*** [[올더스 헉슬리 작품들에 대한 반응 문헌|Early written records by African historians and chroniclers under colonial influence, reflecting older oral forms]]
*** [[아라비아어를 통한 아프리카 문헌|Works by African scholars in Arabic from Nigeria, Chad, and Sudan continuing classical traditions]]
 
=== Mesoamerican and South American Classics (메소아메리카 및 남아메리카 고전) ===
** Mesoamerican Classics
*** Maya
**** [[포폴 부흐|Popol Vuh]] (Kʼicheʼ Maya creation myth, compiled in post-conquest era)
**** [[칠람 발람|Chilam Balam]] (Yucatec Maya prophetic and historical books)
**** [[드레스덴 코드|Dresden Codex]] (Maya hieroglyphic codex)
**** [[마드리드 코드|Madrid Codex]] (Maya codex of rituals and divinatory material)
**** [[파리 코드|Paris Codex]] (Maya astronomical and historical text)
*** Aztec (Mexica) and Nahua Traditions
**** [[플로렌스 코드|Florentine Codex]] (Compiled by Bernardino de Sahagún, documenting Nahua culture and literature)
**** [[우이칠로포칠틀리 전승|Huei Tlamahuiçoltica and other Nahuatl annals]]
**** [[보르보니쿠스 코드|Codex Borbonicus]] (Aztec divinatory manuscript)
**** [[보르지아 코드|Codex Borgia]] (Ritual and divinatory Aztec manuscript)
**** [[아즈텍 구전 문학|Huehuetlatolli]] (Collections of ancient Nahuatl speeches and moral discourses)
*** Mixtec and Other Mesoamerican Cultures
**** [[누틀라 코드|Codex Nuttall]] (Mixtec codex depicting genealogies and histories)
**** [[셀든 코드|Codex Selden]] (Mixtec pictographic narrative)
**** [[보톤 코드|Codex Bodley]] (Mixtec historical codex)
**** [[멕시카/마야 전설|Regional oral traditions and annals recorded by colonial-era chroniclers]]
** South American Classics
*** Inca and Andean Traditions
**** [[잉카 키푸|Quipus]] (Inca knotted string records, not a “book” but a data system used for historical and administrative knowledge)
**** [[우아로치리 원고|Huarochirí Manuscript]] (Quechua religious and mythological traditions recorded in colonial times)
**** [[비서니오스 문헌|Visitation documents, annals, and narratives recorded by early Spanish chroniclers, reflecting Inca lore]]
**** [[잉카 가르실라소 데 라 베가|Royal Commentaries of the Incas (Comentarios Reales) by Inca Garcilaso de la Vega]] (a mestizo perspective blending Inca oral tradition with European forms)
**** [[과만 포마|El Primer Nueva Corónica y Buen Gobierno by Felipe Guaman Poma de Ayala]] (Andean worldview, history, and critique of colonial rule)
*** Other Andean and South American Cultures
**** [[치빈차 및 무이스카 전승|Muisca (Chibcha) myths and calendrical traditions]] (Colombia)
**** [[아이마라 구전 문학|Aymara oral traditions]] (Bolivia/Peru)
**** [[마푸체 구전 전통|Mapuche oral epics and heroic narratives]] (Chile/Argentina)
**** [[구아라니 신화|Guaraní creation myths and epic narratives]] (Paraguay, Brazil, Argentina)
**** [[케추아 및 아마존 지역 구전|Quechua and Amazonian tribal oral literature (myths, ritual chants)]]
*** Colonial-Era Indigenous and Mestizo Chronicles
**** [[페드로 시에사 데 레온|Crónicas del Perú by Pedro Cieza de León]] (Documenting Inca and other native traditions)
**** [[후안 데 베탕소스|Narratives by Juan de Betanzos]] (Quechua language informant for Inca history)
**** [[워크 정착지 문서|Local cabildo records, testaments, and narratives merging indigenous oral memory with Spanish script]]
** Additional Mesoamerican and South American Texts
*** [[마야 의식 및 달력비문|Stelae inscriptions, murals, and iconographic narratives]] (Classic Maya city-states: Tikal, Palenque, Copán)
*** [[엔리케 델 카스틸로 연대기|Accounts by indigenous nobles and informants collaborating with Spanish chroniclers]]
*** [[코이카나 대서사|Oral epic traditions of smaller Amazonian tribes (e.g., Yanomami, Shipibo, Asháninka)]]
 
=== Classical Islamic World and Central Asia (이슬람 세계 및 중앙아시아 고전) ===
** Foundational Islamic Texts
*** [[꾸란|Qurʼan]] (Islam’s central religious text)
*** [[하디스|Hadith Collections]] – Ṣaḥīḥ al-Bukhārī, Ṣaḥīḥ Muslim, Sunan Abī Dāwūd, Jāmiʿ at-Tirmidhī, etc.
*** [[타프시르|Tafsīr literature]] (Qur’anic exegesis), e.g. Tafsīr al-Ṭabarī
*** [[시라|Sīra (Prophetic biography) literature]] – Ibn Hishām, Ibn Isḥāq
** Islamic Law and Theology
*** [[피크 문헌|Fiqh manuals and legal commentaries]] – al-Risālah of al-Shāfiʿī, Mukhtaṣar al-Qudūrī
*** [[칼람|Kalām (Islamic theology) works]] – al-Ashʿarī, al-Māturīdī treatises
*** [[이맘 알가잘리|The Revival of the Religious Sciences (Iḥyāʾ ʿUlūm al-Dīn) by Al-Ghazālī]]
** Historical and Biographical Works
*** [[앗타바리 역사|Tārīkh al-Rusul wa al-Mulūk (History of Prophets and Kings) by al-Ṭabarī]]
*** [[이븐 할둔 무깟디마|Muqaddimah by Ibn Khaldūn]]
*** [[알마스우디 황금의 초원|Murūj al-Dhahab by al-Masʿūdī]]
*** [[이븐 알아시르 알카밀|Al-Kāmil fī al-Taʾrīkh by Ibn al-Athīr]]
*** [[바부르나마|Bāburnāma (Memoirs of Babur)]] – Reflecting the Timurid/Mughal transition from Central Asia to India
** Persianate Literary and Intellectual Traditions
*** [[샤나메|Shāhnāmeh (Book of Kings) by Ferdowsī]]
*** [[루미 마스나비|Mas̱navī-yi Maʿnavī by Jalāl ad-Dīn Rūmī]]
*** [[하페즈 디완|Dīvān of Hāfez]]
*** [[굴리스탄 & 보스턴|Gulistān and Bustān by Saʿdī]]
*** [[니자미 5부작|Khamsa (Quintet) by Niẓāmī Ganjavī]]
*** [[아타르|Manṭiq-uṭ-Ṭayr (Conference of the Birds) by ʿAṭṭār]]
** Central Asian Intellectual Heritage
*** [[알파라비|Works of al-Fārābī]] (Turkic philosopher, important in logic and metaphysics)
*** [[이븐 시나|Works of Ibn Sīnā (Avicenna)]] – The Canon of Medicine (Qānūn fī al-Ṭibb), The Book of Healing (Kitāb al-Shifāʾ)
*** [[알비루니|Works of al-Bīrūnī]] – Al-Āthār al-Bāqiyah (Chronology of Ancient Nations), Kitāb fī Taḥqīq mā li-l-Hind
*** [[우마르 하이얌|Rubāʿiyyāt of Omar Khayyām]] (Philosophical quatrains)
*** [[알자마크샤리|Al-Kashshāf by al-Zamakhsharī]] (Qur’anic commentary by a scholar from Khwarezm)
*** [[압둘카디르 지라니|Sufi treatises by ʿAbd al-Qādir al-Jīlānī]] – Central in spiritual literature
** Sufi and Mystical Texts
*** [[이븐 아라비|Fuṣūṣ al-Ḥikam (Bezels of Wisdom) by Ibn ʿArabī]]
*** [[알하라위 타수프|Manāzil al-Sāʾirīn by Al-Harawī]] (Sufi path stations)
*** [[바하우딘 나크쉬반드|Naqshbandīya Sufi order writings]] originating in Central Asia
** Turkic and Chaghatai Literature
*** [[알리 셰르 나보이|Works of ʿAlī Shīr Navāʾī]] (Chaghatai Turkic poet and mystic)
*** [[마흐둠굴리 프라기|Poetry of Maxtumquli Pyragy]] (Turkmen poet, slightly later period but building on classical tradition)
*** [[킷토병|Kutadgu Bilig by Yūsuf Khāṣṣ Ḥājib]] (Wisdom literature from the Karakhanid period)
*** [[디완 룻가트 알투르크|Dīwān Lughāt al-Turk by Maḥmūd al-Kāshgharī]] (Early Turkic dictionary and cultural compendium)
** Arabic Literary Classics
*** [[무알라카트|Muʿallaqāt (Pre-Islamic “Hanging Odes”)]]
*** [[칼릴라 와 딤나|Kalīla wa Dimna]] (Ibn al-Muqaffaʿ’s Arabic adaptation of Indian fables)
*** [[알자히즈 동물의 서|Kitāb al-Ḥayawān (Book of Animals) by al-Jāḥiẓ]]
*** [[알하마다니|Maqāmāt (assemblies) by al-Hamadhānī and al-Ḥarīrī]] (Early Arabic prose narrative)
*** [[이븐 투파일|Ḥayy ibn Yaqẓān by Ibn Ṭufayl]] (Philosophical tale)
** Scientific and Philosophical Works
*** [[알킨디|Works of al-Kindī]] (Philosophy, mathematics, medicine)
*** [[알하와리즘|Al-Khwārizmī’s Algebra (Al-Kitāb al-Mukhtaṣar fī ḥisāb al-jabr wal-muqābala)]]
*** [[이븐 알하이탐 광학서|Kitāb al-Manāẓir (Book of Optics) by Ibn al-Haytham]]
*** [[알라지 관찰|Works of al-Rāzī (Rhazes)]] (Medicine, philosophy, alchemy)
*** [[알주와이니|Works of al-Juwaynī and al-Ghazālī on theology and jurisprudence]]
** Historical and Geographical Works from Central Asia and the Islamic World
*** [[이븐 파들란 기행문|Ibn Faḍlān’s Risālah (travel account on the Volga Bulgars)]]
*** [[이븐 바투타 여행기|The Riḥla (Travelogues) of Ibn Baṭṭūṭa]]
*** [[알이 드리시 지도|Works of Al-Idrīsī]] (Geography)
** Additional Cultural and Literary Heritage
*** [[아불 파즐 베이다위 타프시르|Commentaries and literature by al-Bayḍāwī]] (Tafsir, theology)
*** [[중앙아시아 및 이란 설화|Local oral narratives, heroic epics, and folk stories across Iranian and Turkic regions preserved in later manuscripts]]
 
=== Classical Russian and Eastern European Traditions (러시아 및 동유럽 고전) ===
** Early East Slavic and Kievan Rus’ Literature
*** [[원초 연대기|The Primary Chronicle (Повесть временных лет)]] – Attributed to Nestor, a key source on early Rus’ history
*** [[이고르 원정담|The Tale of Igor’s Campaign (Слово о полку Игореве)]] – Epic narrative poem of heroic struggle
*** [[루스 초기 연대기|Novgorod and Pskov Chronicles]] – Regional annals detailing local history
*** [[성도 전기|Hagiographies of early Rus’ Saints (e.g., Boris and Gleb)]]
*** [[키릴과 메토디우스 번역문학|Old Church Slavonic translations of the Bible and liturgical texts by Saints Cyril and Methodius’ disciples]]
** Church Slavonic and Orthodox Literary Traditions
*** [[성서의 고대 슬라브어 번역|Old Church Slavonic Bible (Gospels, Psalter, and other scriptural texts)]]
*** [[키릴 문헌|Didactic and homiletic literature (Слова, Poučenija) in Church Slavonic]]
*** [[펠라기우스 전승|Apocrypha, Lives of saints, and moral treatises spread across Slavic lands]]
*** [[헤시카즘 문헌|Hesychast and spiritual writings transmitted from Byzantine Orthodox monasticism to Eastern Europe]]
** Medieval Russian Legal and Instructional Texts
*** [[루스카야 프라브다|Russkaya Pravda]] – Early Rus’ law code
*** [[도메스트로이|Domostroi]] – 16th-century Muscovite manual of household management and moral instruction
** Belarusian, Ukrainian, and Ruthenian Traditions
*** [[벨라루스 및 리투아니아 연대기|Lithuanian–Ruthenian Chronicles]] – Chronicling the Grand Duchy of Lithuania and Ruthenian lands
*** [[폴리크 역사|Polyk’s Chronicle and others documenting regional histories]]
*** [[우크라이나 두마|Ukrainian “Dumy” (epic songs)]] – Oral poetic traditions later recorded in writing
** South Slavic (Bulgarian, Serbian, Croatian, Bosnian) Medieval Literature
*** [[불가리아 시메온 시대 문학|Literature of the First Bulgarian Empire]] (9th–10th centuries) – Works of the Preslav and Ohrid literary schools
*** [[치체프니크|Cyrillic manuscripts such as the Codex Suprasliensis, Codex Zographensis, and others]]
*** [[주다 강자|Lives of Saints Clement of Ohrid, Naum, and other disciples of Cyril and Methodius]]
*** [[세르비아 전설|Serbian epic poetry]] – Oral epics of the Kosovo cycle and the Marko Kraljević cycle, later transcribed
*** [[두브로브니크 문학|Ragusan (Dubrovnik) and Dalmatian Latin/Slavonic literary traditions]] in the medieval Adriatic
** Czech and Slovak Medieval Works
*** [[달리미르 연대기|Dalimil Chronicle (Kronika tak řečeného Dalimila)]] – Old Czech verse chronicle
*** [[보헤미아 아포크리파|Czech Apocrypha and medieval legends (e.g., about St. Wenceslas)]]
*** [[야누스 호스|Writings of Jan Hus and Hussite religious texts]] – Though later than medieval classics, they had a formative influence
** Polish Medieval and Renaissance Classics
*** [[갈루스 연대기|Chronica Polonorum by Gallus Anonymus]] – Early Polish history
*** [[비엘스키 연대기|Marcin Bielski’s Chronicles]] – Renaissance era, reflecting medieval traditions
*** [[야누스 콰드라지에니아|Works of Jan Kochanowski (Renaissance Polish poet)]] – Bridges medieval and early modern
*** [[파라보크 슬라브 전통|Polish religious texts and lives of saints in early vernacular]]
** Hungarian Medieval Classics
*** [[헝가리 건국 서사|Gesta Hungarorum]] – Latin chronicles describing the origins of the Hungarians
*** [[헝가리 전설 문학|Gesta of King Béla and other medieval Hungarian chronicles]]
*** [[포가치 헌장|Old Hungarian Lamentations and Codices]] (e.g., Halotti Beszéd, the earliest Hungarian sermon)
** Romanian and Moldavian Traditions
*** [[레투로-로마니언 연대기|Early Romanian chronicles]] (e.g., Letopisețul Țării Moldovei)
*** [[비잔티움 전승 영향|Byzantine Orthodox influences and translations into Old Romanian script]]
*** [[카르파티안 구전|Oral epic traditions and Doina (lament poetry) eventually recorded in writing]]
** Baltic and Finno-Ugric Oral Traditions (Later Recorded)
*** [[라트비아 다이나스|Latvian Dainas]] – Brief folk songs and verses (oral to written)
*** [[에스토니아 칼레발라|Kalevala (Finnish) & Kalevipoeg (Estonian)]] – Not Eastern Slavic, but Finno-Ugric epics often considered in broader Eastern European context
*** [[리투아니아 구전|Lithuanian folk songs, sutartinės]] – Collected and published in modern times, reflecting older traditions
** Additional Influential Eastern European Texts
*** [[비잔티노-슬라브 문헌|Byzantine-Slavonic liturgical texts and translations]] – Binding cultural and religious continuity
*** [[영웅적 발라드|Ballads, legends, and heroic narratives from Eastern Carpathians to the Balkans]]
*** [[민간 설화집|Folk tale collections]] later compiled by scholars (e.g., Afanasyev’s Russian Fairy Tales, though 19th century, contain old motifs)
*** [[구전속담|Proverbs, riddles, and wisdom literature]] passed down orally, forming the bedrock of regional cultural identity
 
=== Oceanian Classics (오세아니아 또는 대양주 고전) ===
** Polynesian Traditions
*** [[하와이 쿠물리포|Kumulipo (Hawaiian creation chant)]] – A genealogical prayer chant tracing the Hawaiian cosmos’ origins 
*** [[하와이 의식가|Other Hawaiian genealogical chants (Mele Ko‘ihonua)]] and hula chants preserving ancestral lines and mythic events
*** [[마오리 코로로 투쿠 이호|Māori oral tradition (Kōrero Tuku Iho)]] – Whakapapa (genealogies), karakia (prayers), and waiata (songs) transmitted by tohunga (specialist priests) 
*** [[마오리 모테아테아|Mōteatea]] (Māori chanted poetry) – Lyrical laments, love songs, and historical narratives
*** [[쿡 제도 라로통가 신화|Cook Islands (Rarotongan, Mangaian) legends]] – Creation stories, chiefly genealogies, and migratory chants
*** [[통가 구전 전통|Tongan oral traditions]] – Tales of Maui, genealogical recitations of Tongan kings, and langi (ceremonial songs)
*** [[타히티 신화|Tahitian and Society Islands cosmogonies]] – Narratives centered on Ta‘aroa, Oro, and the pantheon of gods
*** [[사모아 창세 이야기|Samoan creation stories and genealogical lore]] – Oral histories of Tagaloa and migration myths
** Micronesian Traditions
*** [[마셜 제도 항해 전승|Marshallese navigational chants and lore]] – Stick chart knowledge, star paths, and clan genealogies
*** [[추크 제도 전설|Chuukese (Trukese) myths and legends]] – Stories of ancestral spirits, islands’ origins, and social norms
*** [[키리바시 구전|I-Kiribati genealogical chants]] – Origin narratives linking islands, ancestors, and moral instructions
*** [[팔라우 신화|Palauan legends and myths]] – Clan histories, supernatural beings, and traditional moral values
** Melanesian Traditions
*** [[피지 창세 신화|Fijian oral histories]] – Tales of first arrivals, cultural heroes (e.g., Lutunasobasoba), and kava rituals
*** [[솔로몬 제도 설화|Solomon Islands epic narratives]] – Clan genealogies, spirit beings, and moral lessons embedded in stories
*** [[바누아투 카스텀 전승|Vanuatu kastom stories]] – Myth cycles explaining land names, rituals, and social laws
*** [[뉴기니 구전 문학|Papuan (New Guinea) epic chants and cosmologies]] – Complex origin stories, river spirits, and ancestral migrations
*** [[멜라네시아 무용 서사|Melanesian dance-dramas and ceremonial chants]] – Initiation rites, healing songs, and knowledge of land and lineage
** Aboriginal Australian and Torres Strait Islander Traditions
*** [[드리밍 이야기|The Dreaming (Tjukurpa) narratives]] – Cosmological accounts of how ancestral beings shaped the land, establishing law and custom
*** [[송라인|Songlines]] – Routes connecting sacred sites across Australia, embedding geography, history, and moral law in music and chant
*** [[클랜 전설과 의식|Aboriginal hero tales and clan genealogies]] – Oral knowledge transmitted through corroborees (ceremonial gatherings)
*** [[토레스 해협 섬 주민 전승|Torres Strait Islander myths and dance-epics]] – Stories of ancestral heroes, cosmological journeys, and cultural protocols
** Additional Oceanian Cultural Expressions
*** [[라파누이 롱고롱고|Rongorongo glyphs of Rapa Nui (Easter Island)]] – Undeciphered script possibly linked to oral recitations and calendrical knowledge
*** [[항해 및 별자리 전승|Polynesian/Micronesian wayfinding lore]] – Oral instructions for open-ocean navigation using stars, swells, and bird patterns
*** [[마르케사스 전설|Marquesan legends and genealogies]] – Islands’ origins, ancestor cults, and heroic figures
*** [[파푸아뉴기니 마술 담론|Initiation chants and “magic words”]] – Used in gardening, fishing, and healing across various Oceanian islands
*** [[민족지 자료에 기록된 구전|Anthropologically recorded proverbs, riddles, and moral tales]] – Preserved by scholars, reflecting age-old wisdom and identity
 
=== Classical Southeast Asian Literature (동남아 고전) ===
** Mainland Southeast Asia
*** Khmer (Cambodia)
**** [[레암께르|Reamker]] – The Cambodian adaptation of the Ramayana, inscribed in verse and performed in dance drama
**** [[짠쩨우 초서문|Inscriptions of Angkor (e.g. Prasat Kôk Po inscriptions)]] – Early Khmer epigraphy containing royal edicts, religious dedications, and eulogies
**** [[팃페드이|Khmer Buddhist Jātaka stories and moral tales]] – Adaptations and retellings of Pali sources into Khmer
*** Thai (Siam)
**** [[라마끼엔|Ramakien]] – Thai version of the Ramayana narrative, composed in the Ayutthaya and Rattanakosin periods
**** [[트라이품ิก카타|Trai Phum Phra Ruang (Three Worlds According to King Lithai)]] – Cosmological treatise blending Buddhism and indigenous beliefs
**** [[릴릿 프라로|Lilit Phra Lo]] – A classical Thai lyrical narrative poem
**** [[프라 마하 찬카맏|Royal chronicles of Ayutthaya and Lanna]] – Historical prose traditions chronicling royal lineages and events
*** Lao (Laos)
**** [[프라 락 프라 람|Phra Lak Phra Lam]] – Lao adaptation of the Ramayana epic
**** [[신싸이|Sin Xay]] – A Lao heroic epic poem reflecting moral and cultural values
**** Jātaka-based narratives and oral poetry (Mor Lam tradition)
*** Burmese (Myanmar)
**** [[야마 자우도|Yama Zatdaw]] – Burmese Ramayana adaptation
**** [[유다야 빤디타 빌사|Glass Palace Chronicle (Hmannan Yazawin)]] – Semilegendary royal chronicle of Burmese kings
**** [[깨또롱례|Commentaries on Pāli Buddhist canon, Nissaya literature]] – Burmese translations and exegeses of Buddhist texts
**** [[아포크리파전 문학|Jātaka stories, dhamma literature, and Sān kyam (didactic texts)]]
*** Vietnamese
**** [[국음 시가|Chữ Nôm literary works]] – Adaptations of Chinese classics, folk tales, and poetry in the vernacular script
**** [[천주문 학문|Medieval Vietnamese annals]] (e.g., Đại Việt sử ký toàn thư) combining Confucian historiography with indigenous elements
**** Legends of Lạc Long Quân, Âu Cơ, and Thánh Gióng recorded in folk narratives and later chronicles
** Maritime Southeast Asia
*** Indonesian (Javanese, Balinese, Sundanese)
**** [[나가라크르타가마|Nagarakretagama]] by Mpu Prapañca – A 14th-century Javanese eulogy to the Majapahit Empire, a key kakawin (court poetry)
**** [[까까윈 라마야나|Kakawin Rāmāyaṇa]] – Old Javanese rendition of the Ramayana
**** [[마하바라타 자바어 판본|Javanese Mahabharata and Arjunawijaya kakawin]] – Courtly adaptations of Indian epics
**** [[판지 이야기|Panji Tales]] – Indigenous Javanese cycle of romantic and heroic stories widely diffused across Southeast Asia
**** Balinese lontar manuscripts preserving kakawin literature, ritual texts, and treatises on dance, music, and moral conduct
*** Malay World (Malaysia, Brunei, Sumatra, Borneo)
**** [[세자라 멜라유|Sejarah Melayu (Malay Annals)]] – A chronicle of the Malacca Sultanate blending history and legend
**** [[히카야트 항 투아|Hikayat Hang Tuah]] – Epic romance about the legendary hero Hang Tuah, reflecting loyalty and valor
**** [[히카야트 이스칸다르 줄카르나인|Hikayat Iskandar Zulkarnain]] and other Hikayats – Adaptations of Islamic, Persian, and Indian narratives into Malay court literature
**** [[판타운|Syair and pantun]] – Malay classical poetic forms encapsulating wisdom, moral lessons, and social values
*** Philippine Archipelago
**** [[비사얀 슈단|Pre-Hispanic epics such as the Hinilawod (Hiligaynon)]] – Oral epic narratives celebrating culture heroes, ancestors, and deities
**** [[이방 및 라구카스 언어 구전|Ifugao Hudhud chants, Kalinga Ullalim, Maranao Darangen]] – Precolonial oral epics recognized by UNESCO, preserving heroic and cosmological narratives
**** [[레위 족 칸토|Chants and genealogies from various Philippine ethno-linguistic groups]] – Recorded in colonial era, but reflecting ancient oral traditions
*** Other Archipelagic Traditions
**** [[와양 전승|Wayang kulit and wayang beber narratives]] – Shadow play scripts based on the Ramayana and Mahabharata performed across Java, Bali, and Lombok
**** [[부기스 라 갈리고|Sureq Galigo (La Galigo)]] – Epic literature of the Bugis of Sulawesi, one of the longest literary works in the world
**** [[바타크 툴더|Batak pustaha (magic books), Minangkabau tambo, and oral genealogies]] – Reflecting indigenous cosmologies, customary laws (adat), and historical memory
** Cross-Influences and Religious Texts
*** [[팔리 대장경 번역본|Pāli Canon translations]] throughout Theravāda Buddhist Southeast Asia (Thailand, Myanmar, Laos, Cambodia) influencing local literature
*** [[아랍/페르시아 역량|Adoption of Islamic literature (Hikayat, Suluk) in Malay, Acehnese, and Javanese traditions]]
*** [[인도-중국 영향|Sanskrit inscriptions, Khmer and Cham adaptations of Hindu and Buddhist tales linking to Indian and East Asian classics]]
** Additional Expressions
*** [[윤문 문학|Classical moral and didactic texts (e.g. Panung Sastra in Thai, Nīti literature in Burmese)]]
*** [[번역과 시화|Versified historical chronicles, royal genealogies, and courtly poems (e.g., Lilit and Kap compositions in Thai and Lao tradition)]]
*** [[민속 설화집|Collections of proverbs, riddles, and folk narratives]] that form the moral and cultural backbone of local communities




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